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创建三维文本网格模型

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调用函数实现立体文本效果

思路简述

三维文本网格模型的绘制流程和茶壶模型绘制基本相同，都是调用系统自带的绘制函数，但由于绘制函数的参数不同，因此在InitGeometry部分作出一定修改即可。

为指定的文本创建网格模型

用户自定义函数

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HRESULT CreateTextMesh( WCHAR* pText )
{
	HRESULT hr;

	//创建设备描述表
	HDC hdc = CreateCompatibleDC( NULL );
	if( hdc == NULL )
		return E_OUTOFMEMORY;

	//创建字体
	HFONT hFont = CreateFont(0, 0, 0, 0, FW_BOLD , false, false, false, 
		DEFAULT_CHARSET,OUT_DEFAULT_PRECIS, CLIP_DEFAULT_PRECIS, 
		DEFAULT_QUALITY, DEFAULT_PITCH | FF_DONTCARE, L"Arial");   

	//将字体选进设备描述表
	SelectObject(hdc, hFont); 

	//创建三维文本网格模型
	V_RETURN( D3DXCreateText( g_pd3dDevice, hdc, pText, 0.001f, 0.4f, &g_pTextMesh, NULL, NULL ));

	//释放字体和设备描述表
	DeleteObject( hFont );
	DeleteDC( hdc );
}

CreateFont

系统字体创建函数

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HFONT hFont = CreateFont(0, 0, 0, 0, FW_BOLD , false, false, false, 
		DEFAULT_CHARSET,OUT_DEFAULT_PRECIS, CLIP_DEFAULT_PRECIS, 
		DEFAULT_QUALITY, DEFAULT_PITCH | FF_DONTCARE, L"Arial");

函数原型

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HRESULT D3DXCreateFont(
  _In_  LPDIRECT3DDEVICE9 pDevice,	\\ 指向IDirect3DDevice9接口的指针，该接口与字体对象关联
  _In_  INT               Height,	\\ 字符的高度，以逻辑单位表示
  _In_  UINT              Width,	\\ 字符的宽度，以逻辑单位表示
  _In_  UINT              Weight,	\\ 字体重量。一个例子是粗体。
  _In_  UINT              MipLevels,\\ mipmap级别数
  _In_  BOOL              Italic,	\\ 斜体字体为true，否则为false
  _In_  DWORD             CharSet,	\\ 字体的字符集
  _In_  DWORD             OutputPrecision,	\\ 指定Windows应如何尝试将所需的字体大小和特征与实际字体进行匹配
  _In_  DWORD             Quality,	\\指定Windows如何将所需字体与实际字体匹配
  _In_  DWORD             PitchAndFamily,	\\ 
  _In_  LPCTSTR           pFacename, \\ 包含字体名称的字符串
  _Out_ LPD3DXFONT        *ppFont	\\ 返回一个指向ID3DXFont接口的指针，该接口代表创建的字体对象
);

D3DXCreateText

系统三维文本绘制函数

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D3DXCreateText( g_pd3dDevice, hdc, pText, 0.001f, 0.4f, &g_pTextMesh, NULL, NULL )

函数原型

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HRESULT D3DXCreateText(
  _In_  LPDIRECT3DDEVICE9   pDevice,    \\ 指向创建网格的设备的指针
  _In_  HDC                 hDC,        \\ 设备上下文，包含用于输出的字体
  _In_  LPCTSTR             pText,      \\ 指向指定要生成的文本的字符串的指针
  _In_  FLOAT               Deviation,  \\ 与TrueType字体轮廓的最大弦偏差
  _In_  FLOAT               Extrusion,  \\ 沿负z方向挤出文本的量
  _Out_ LPD3DXMESH          *ppMesh,    \\ 指向返回的网格的指针
  _Out_ LPD3DXBUFFER        *ppAdjacency,\\ 指向包含邻接信息的缓冲区的指针
  _Out_ LPGLYPHMETRICSFLOAT pGlyphMetrics\\ 指向包含字形指标数据的GLYPHMETRICSFLOAT结构数组的指针
);

返回值：

  • 如果函数成功，则返回值为D3D_OK
  • 如果函数失败，则返回值可以是以下之一：D3DERR_INVALIDCALL，D3DXERR_INVALIDDATA，E_OUTOFMEMORY

文件源码

Main.cpp

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//=============================================================================
// Desc: 三维文本绘制示例程序
//=============================================================================
#include <d3dx9.h> 
#include <tchar.h>
#include <d3dx9core.h>
#include "UtilMacro.h";


//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Desc: 全局变量
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
LPDIRECT3D9             g_pD3D       = NULL;    //Direct3D对象
LPDIRECT3DDEVICE9       g_pd3dDevice = NULL;    //Direct3D设备对象
LPD3DXFONT              g_pFont      = 0;       //字体对象
LPD3DXMESH              g_pTextMesh  = NULL;    //三维字体网格模型

RECT   g_ClientRect;    //窗口客户区
float  g_FPS = 0;       //帧速率
WCHAR  g_strFPS[20];    //包含帧速率的字符数组


//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Desc: 顶点结构和顶点格式
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
struct CUSTOMVERTEX
{
	D3DXVECTOR3 position;
	DWORD color;
};
#define D3DFVF_CUSTOMVERTEX (D3DFVF_XYZ | D3DFVF_DIFFUSE)


//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Desc: 设置世界矩阵
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
void SetWorldMatrix()
{
	//创建并设置世界矩阵
	D3DXMATRIXA16 matWorld, matTrans, matRotate;
	float  time  = timeGetTime() * 0.001f;
	float fAngle = time * D3DX_PI / 2;
	//fAngle =  -D3DX_PI/4;

	D3DXMatrixTranslation(&matTrans,-3.0f,0.0f,0.0f);  //平移
	D3DXMatrixRotationY( &matRotate, fAngle );         //旋转
	matWorld = matTrans * matRotate;                   //先平移, 后旋转
	g_pd3dDevice->SetTransform( D3DTS_WORLD, &matWorld );
}


//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Desc: 设置观察矩阵和投影矩阵
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
void SetViewandProjMatrices()
{
	//建立并设置观察矩阵
	D3DXVECTOR3 vEyePt( 0.0f, 0.0f,-8.0f );
	D3DXVECTOR3 vLookatPt( 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f );
	D3DXVECTOR3 vUpVec( 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f );
	D3DXMATRIXA16 matView;
	D3DXMatrixLookAtLH( &matView, &vEyePt, &vLookatPt, &vUpVec );
	g_pd3dDevice->SetTransform( D3DTS_VIEW, &matView );

	//建立并设置投影矩阵
	D3DXMATRIXA16 matProj;
	float aspect = (float)(g_ClientRect.right - g_ClientRect.left)/(g_ClientRect.bottom - g_ClientRect.top);
	D3DXMatrixPerspectiveFovLH( &matProj, D3DX_PI/4, aspect, 1.0f, 100.0f );
	g_pd3dDevice->SetTransform( D3DTS_PROJECTION, &matProj );
}


//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Desc: 设置灯光
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
void SetLights()
{
	//方向光
	D3DXVECTOR3 vecDir;
	D3DLIGHT9 light;
	ZeroMemory( &light, sizeof(D3DLIGHT9) );
	light.Type       = D3DLIGHT_DIRECTIONAL;
	light.Diffuse.r  = 1.0f;
	light.Diffuse.g  = 1.0f;
	light.Diffuse.b  = 1.0f;
	vecDir = D3DXVECTOR3(-1, -1, 1);
	D3DXVec3Normalize( (D3DXVECTOR3*)&light.Direction, &vecDir );
	light.Range       = 1000.0f;
	g_pd3dDevice->SetLight( 0, &light );
	g_pd3dDevice->LightEnable( 0, TRUE );
	g_pd3dDevice->SetRenderState( D3DRS_LIGHTING, true );

	//全局环境光
	g_pd3dDevice->SetRenderState( D3DRS_AMBIENT, 0xff505050);
}

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Desc: 设置灯光
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
void SetMaterial()
{
	//设置材质
	D3DMATERIAL9 mtrl;
	ZeroMemory( &mtrl, sizeof(D3DMATERIAL9) );
	mtrl.Diffuse.r = mtrl.Ambient.r = 1.0f;
	mtrl.Diffuse.g = mtrl.Ambient.g = 1.0f;
	mtrl.Diffuse.b = mtrl.Ambient.b = 0.0f;
	mtrl.Diffuse.a = mtrl.Ambient.a = 1.0f;
	g_pd3dDevice->SetMaterial( &mtrl );
}


//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Desc: 为指定的文本创建网格模型
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
HRESULT CreateTextMesh( WCHAR* pText )
{
	HRESULT hr;

	//创建设备描述表
	HDC hdc = CreateCompatibleDC( NULL );
	if( hdc == NULL )
		return E_OUTOFMEMORY;

	//创建字体
	HFONT hFont = CreateFont(0, 0, 0, 0, FW_BOLD , false, false, false, 
		DEFAULT_CHARSET,OUT_DEFAULT_PRECIS, CLIP_DEFAULT_PRECIS, 
		DEFAULT_QUALITY, DEFAULT_PITCH | FF_DONTCARE, L"Arial");   

	//将字体选进设备描述表
	SelectObject(hdc, hFont); 

	//创建三维文本网格模型
	V_RETURN( D3DXCreateText( g_pd3dDevice, hdc, pText, 0.001f, 0.4f, &g_pTextMesh, NULL, NULL ));

	//释放字体和设备描述表
	DeleteObject( hFont );
	DeleteDC( hdc );
}


//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Desc: 初始化Direct3D
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
HRESULT InitD3D( HWND hWnd )
{
	HRESULT hr;

	//创建Direct3D对象, 该对象用来创建Direct3D设备对象
	g_pD3D = Direct3DCreate9( D3D_SDK_VERSION );
	if( g_pD3D == NULL)
		return E_FAIL;

	//检查设备性能
	D3DCAPS9  caps;
	g_pD3D->GetDeviceCaps(D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT, D3DDEVTYPE_HAL, &caps);

	//检查设备是否支持硬件顶点处理
	int vp=0;
	if(caps.DevCaps & D3DDEVCAPS_HWTRANSFORMANDLIGHT)
	{ 
		vp=D3DCREATE_HARDWARE_VERTEXPROCESSING;
	}
	else
	{
		vp=D3DCREATE_SOFTWARE_VERTEXPROCESSING;
	}

	//设置D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS结构
	D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS d3dpp;
	ZeroMemory( &d3dpp, sizeof(d3dpp) );
	d3dpp.Windowed = TRUE;
	d3dpp.SwapEffect = D3DSWAPEFFECT_DISCARD;
	d3dpp.BackBufferFormat = D3DFMT_UNKNOWN;
	d3dpp.EnableAutoDepthStencil = TRUE;
	d3dpp.AutoDepthStencilFormat = D3DFMT_D16;
	d3dpp.PresentationInterval = D3DPRESENT_INTERVAL_IMMEDIATE;

	//创建Direct3D设备对象
	V_RETURN( g_pD3D->CreateDevice( D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT, D3DDEVTYPE_HAL, hWnd, vp,  &d3dpp, &g_pd3dDevice ));

	//创建字体对象
	V_RETURN( D3DXCreateFont(g_pd3dDevice,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, L"Arial", &g_pFont ));

	//获取窗口客户区
	GetClientRect(hWnd, &g_ClientRect);

	//设置观察和投影矩阵
	SetViewandProjMatrices( );

	return S_OK;
}


//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Desc: 创建文本网格模型
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
HRESULT InitGeometry()
{
	HRESULT hr;
	V_RETURN (CreateTextMesh(L"Hello Direct3D!" ));
	return S_OK;
}


//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Desc: 计算帧速率
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
float GetFPS()
{
	static float  fps = 0;
	static int    frameCount = 0;
	static float  currentTime =0.0f;
	static float  lastTime = 0.0f;

	frameCount++;
	currentTime = timeGetTime()*0.001f;

	if(currentTime - lastTime > 1.0f)
	{
		fps = (float)frameCount /(currentTime - lastTime);
		lastTime = currentTime;
		frameCount    = 0;
	}

	return fps;
}


//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Desc: 渲染图形 
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
void Render()
{
	//清空后台缓存
	g_pd3dDevice->Clear( 0, NULL, D3DCLEAR_TARGET|D3DCLEAR_ZBUFFER, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(45, 50, 170), 1.0f, 0 );

	//开始在后台缓存绘制图形
	if( SUCCEEDED( g_pd3dDevice->BeginScene() ) )
	{
		//设置灯光和材质
		SetLights();
		SetMaterial();

		//设置世界矩阵
		SetWorldMatrix();

		//绘制三维文本
		g_pTextMesh->DrawSubset(0);

		//在窗口左上角绘制文本
		int charCount = swprintf_s(g_strFPS, 20, L"FPS: %0.2f", GetFPS() );
		g_pFont->DrawText(NULL, g_strFPS, charCount, &g_ClientRect, DT_TOP | DT_LEFT, 0xffffffff);

		//结束在后台缓存渲染图形
		g_pd3dDevice->EndScene();
	}

	//将在后台缓存绘制的图形提交到前台缓存显示
	g_pd3dDevice->Present( NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL );
}


//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Desc: 释放创建的对象
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
void Cleanup()
{
	SAFE_RELEASE(g_pTextMesh);
	SAFE_RELEASE(g_pFont);
	SAFE_RELEASE(g_pd3dDevice);
	SAFE_RELEASE(g_pD3D);
}


//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Desc: 消息处理
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
LRESULT WINAPI WndProc( HWND hWnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam )
{
	switch( msg )
	{
	case WM_KEYDOWN:
		if( wParam == VK_ESCAPE )
			PostQuitMessage( 0 );
		break;

	case WM_DESTROY:
		PostQuitMessage( 0 );
		break;
	}

	return DefWindowProc( hWnd, msg, wParam, lParam );
}


//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Desc: 程序入口
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
int _stdcall _tWinMain ( HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
						PTSTR szCmdLine, int iCmdShow )
{
	//定义窗口类
	WNDCLASSEX wndClassEx;
	wndClassEx.cbSize        = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);
	wndClassEx.style         = CS_CLASSDC;
	wndClassEx.lpfnWndProc   = WndProc;
	wndClassEx.cbClsExtra    = 0;
	wndClassEx.cbWndExtra    = 0;
	wndClassEx.hInstance     = hInstance;
	wndClassEx.hIcon         = LoadIcon (NULL, IDI_APPLICATION);
	wndClassEx.hCursor       = LoadCursor (NULL, IDC_ARROW);
	wndClassEx.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH) GetStockObject (WHITE_BRUSH);
	wndClassEx.lpszMenuName  = NULL;
	wndClassEx.lpszClassName = L"ClassName" ;
	wndClassEx.hIconSm = NULL;

	//注册窗口类
	if(!RegisterClassEx (&wndClassEx))
	{
		MessageBox(NULL, L"注册窗口类失败!", L"Text3D", 0);
		return 0;
	}

	//创建窗口
	HWND hWnd = NULL;
	hWnd = CreateWindowEx( NULL, //窗口扩展风格
		L"ClassName",            //窗口类名称
		L"Text3D",               //窗口标题
		WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,     //窗口风格
		CW_USEDEFAULT,           //窗口初始X位置
		CW_USEDEFAULT,           //窗口初始Y位置
		600,                     //窗口初始宽度
		480,                     //窗口初始高度
		NULL,                    //父窗口句柄
		NULL,                    //窗口菜单句柄
		hInstance,               //程序实例句柄
		NULL );                  // 创建参数

	if(hWnd == NULL)
	{
		MessageBox(NULL, L"创建窗口失败!", L"Text3D", 0);
		return 0;
	}


	//初始化Direct3D
	if( SUCCEEDED( InitD3D( hWnd ) ) )
	{
		//创建并填充顶点缓存
		if( SUCCEEDED( InitGeometry() ) )
		{
			//显示窗口
			ShowWindow( hWnd, SW_SHOWDEFAULT );
			UpdateWindow( hWnd );

			//进入消息循环
			MSG msg;
			ZeroMemory( &msg, sizeof(msg) );
			while( msg.message!=WM_QUIT )
			{
				if( PeekMessage( &msg, NULL, 0U, 0U, PM_REMOVE ) )
				{
					TranslateMessage(&msg);
					DispatchMessage(&msg);
				}
				else
				{
					Render();  //渲染图形
				}
			}
		}
	}

	//释放创建的相关对象
	Cleanup();

	return 0;
}

UtilMacro.h

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//=============================================================================
// Desc: 辅助宏定义
//=============================================================================

#pragma once

#ifndef V
#define V(x)           { hr = x; }
#endif

#ifndef V_RETURN
#define V_RETURN(x)    { hr = x; if( FAILED(hr) ) { return hr; } }
#endif

#ifndef SAFE_DELETE
#define SAFE_DELETE(p)       { if(p) { delete (p);     (p)=NULL; } }
#endif    
#ifndef SAFE_DELETE_ARRAY
#define SAFE_DELETE_ARRAY(p) { if(p) { delete[] (p);   (p)=NULL; } }
#endif    
#ifndef SAFE_RELEASE
#define SAFE_RELEASE(p)      { if(p) { (p)->Release(); (p)=NULL; } }
#endif